KOS ISLAND
The city of Kos, the capital and the chief port of the island, is on the north- east coast, very near to the shores of Turkey. It is a most attractive city, rebuilt after the 1933 earthquake. South of the Venetian castle of the Knights of St John a bridge, crossing over the beautiful Avenue of Palms, links the castle with the famous plane tree of Hippocrates.
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It is said that this vast plane tree was
planted by Hippocrates and that he taught medicine in its shade.
Kos island of Hippocrates. Whitewashed
houses, roads full with hibiscus flowers, the third largest in the Dodecanese after Rhodes
and Karpathos, lying close to the Asia Minor coast, between Nisyros and Kalymnos.
It is mostly a low-lying island, with a single mountain range on its eastern
side. Its population is in excess of 20.000, most of whom are engaged in the
tourist trade, stockbroking, farming.
The climate is mild most of the year. This
fact , together with the long hours of sunshine and the marvelous beaches have
raised the island to the level of an international tourist center. Kos can be
reached direct by air from many of the capitals of Europe, as well as from Athens
and Rhodes. 
There are ferries to Kos from the rest
of Dodecanese, Piraeus, the Cyclades, Crete the islands of the northern and
eastern Aegean and Kavala.In 460 BC Hippocrates was born on Kos. After his death
the people of Kos built the famous Asklepeion, in honor of the god Asclepios,
which operated as a hospital applying the methods of therapy taught by Hippocrates.
Asklepeion stands at a
distance of 4 km south-west of Kos town. Because of the slope of the ground
the buildings were put up on a number of levels, with steps between them. On
the first level are the remains of a small temple and a fountain. In the center
of the second level there are remains of the altar of Asklepios and those of
a temple to Asklepios in the lonic order.
To the east are ruins of the temple of
Apollo. On the highest level are the foundations and columns of a Doric temple
to Asklepios. This temple was the most sacred in the Asklepeion.
The island boasts villages well known for their beauty, e.g. Asfendiou (14 km.
from the city), Kardamaina (by the sea) and Pyli. From Pyli the road leads to
Palio Pyli, with remnants of an old castle, and to the fishing village Marmari
and Mastichari. At the southwestern end of the island lies Kefalos, a village
endowed with wonderful sandy beaches and little tavernas. In Kefalos, at the
Palatia site, we can see the ruins of Astypalaia, capital city of the island
in Antiquity. There is a beautiful beach near the town. There are others - marvelous
and often quiet places - all over the island, some of them accessible by bicycle
- a means of transport much used in Kos.
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